Chinese culture and mythology » Cheng, Juana and tudi-sheni – patron deity Territories

Cheng, Juana and tudi-sheni – patron deity Territories

local deities, patrons of certain territories – Cheng-Juana in cities and туди-sheni in rural areas – were the most widespread in the ancient times.
All cities in the country, both large and small, got their Cheng-Juan and temples erected in their honor. Cheng-Huang played a very important role in the life of the city and the whole region. He controlled the spirits of their fields, forcing them to protect the city from drought and epidemics. Cheng-Huang had to act not only as a patron, but as a steward, cities and counties, as well as the magistrate. This was the local representative of the supreme celestial and ground forces. Cheng-Huang participated in the commission of justice over the souls of the dead. It was believed that the Chen-Huang is at the scale of this kind of intermediary between the local people, whom he manages, and supernatural forces, which it is subject to and required to give regular reports on the situation in the territories entrusted to him. Cheng-Huang usually depicted in the guise of an official of higher rank. In the temple Cheng-Juan his statue has always been surrounded by dozens of idols – his aides and secretaries are often depicted seated at a table with a brush for a letter in his hand. All of these helpers were carefully designed to capture all the events in the city and report them to the sky and in the underground kingdom. As Cheng-Juan in each city to worship a leader who saved this city, or was famous for his service in it.
Deification Cheng Juan was usually follows. The identity of one of the noble and virtuous-upraviteley officials of the city after the death of gradually obrastala legends praising his virtues, and he attributed miraculous properties. People believe that it helps and his fellow city zagrobnom world zastupaetsya for them, is in the dreams of good news and warnings. Like every officer, officer-divine protector Cheng-Huang not only to manage their clients and pass on information about their cases to authorities, but was obliged to care about their well-being, to judge them in the event of conflict. Cheng-Huang served as an important place in the minds of the Chinese that Beijing has established a special temple Cheng Juan for the inhabitants of other people’s areas, provided for one reason or another, for long periods of time separated from their homes. In this house guests of the city of Beijing to seek the assistance of the deity of their areas. To this end, it was enough to perform the usual ritual of sacrifice to the plate with an appropriate name. Huang Cheng-called reverential fear. It was believed that he sees and knows all the records and all information passed on to authorities. He can neither deceive nor bribe. Therefore, in the temple-Cheng Juan generally solved the most difficult cases. The agreement to bring an oath in front of Chen-Juan was seen as evidence of innocence poklyavshegosya and generally address the case in his favor. The fear of god, fear of a terrible fate in the other world there is usually so strong that false oath, as a rule, represent an exception.
In the village, similar to the post-Juan Chen was god-patron of туди-Shen. Its role was also to be aware of all of the village, responsible for them, care for local residents and to inform the highest heavens and beyond the grave instances of all happened. In short, туди-sheni as Cheng-Juana served deities, officials deities mediating peace between the people and the world of the gods in their own territory.
Usually, clay figurines, depicting a Di Chen and his wife were placed in a small village kumirne erected somewhere on high ground near the village. Figures туди-Chen and his wife were at the heart of kumirni, and on the sides to have a picture or plaque with the names of other deities. In this kumirnyu local farmers came with their pleading and requests (usually written in shreds of red cloth), and modest gifts. Farmers are often treated with the pleading and the other gods, but in front of his village, the patron deity, they are always delayed. All we had to inform him of the current developments in the life of the village – on weddings, births, deaths, etc., and all more or less significant events. This is understandable, as responsible for the fate of his туди-Shen was required to know everything. Туди-shenyu were all buildings are subject to a given area, he believes ohranitelem residents from all evil, including predators (tigers, leopards), he prayed about the harvest, for healing, safe travel. People believed that туди-Shen after the death of their fellow makes special book mark the soul of the deceased and reported it to his chief Cheng Juan. It was believed that туди-Shen may be removed and replaced by another, if not complied with its obligations. Shen-туди depicted as an old man in a cap of civilian officials of ancient times. Beside it is one or two sender. Pictures туди Chen-bonded to the wall of the room, a figure de shenya (sometimes a wooden plaque with his name) put on the table. In the New Year as a sacrifice туди-shenyu brought oschipannogo rooster and live fish in the vessel with water.
Many «positions» Cheng-Juan and туди-she-it, acting as the local deities, patrons responsible before the Supreme ruler of the world of gods and spirits (Nefrit Emperor Yuyhuanom shandi) was the world’s supernatural powers as a mirror image of the order, which existed the world’s people. In other words, the Cheng-Juana and туди-sheni performed the role of the real acting officials in Confucian bureaucratic empire, where all of them, down to the lowest, were responsible to the emperor for the management of their own territory.

Category Patrons of people

Сентябрь 2010
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